Advances in Precision Medicine (APM) brings together all aspects of the rapidly growing field of personalized/precision medicine. Biomarkers are a key focus of APM’s scope. In particular, papers on stratification biomarkers and companion diagnostics enabling personalized medicine are highly welcome. Other categories of biomarkers accepted for consideration include pharmacodynamic biomarkers demonstrating target engagement which are potentially useful for dose finding, safety biomarkers to exclude patients with high risk for side effects or to detect induction of adverse effects early, and disease biomarkers which can be used for diagnosis, as surrogate endpoints, or to determine early response to therapy.
SPP1/Osteopontin in Oncology: A Multifaceted Player in Tumor Progression
Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), also known as Osteopontin (OPN), is a multifunctional glycoprotein widely involved in biological processes such as cell adhesion, migration, signal transduction, and immune regulation. Studies have shown that SPP1 is highly expressed in various tumors and is closely associated with tumor invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Additionally, SPP1 can help tumor cells evade immune surveillance by regulating the function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. This article reviews the research progress of SPP1 in tumors from three aspects: first, the molecular biological characteristics of SPP1; second, the clinical value of SPP1 as a prognostic marker in various tumors, analyzing the correlation between its expression levels and patient prognosis; and finally, the mechanisms of SPP1 in the tumor microenvironment. Through this review, we aim to provide a theoretical foundation for a deeper understanding of the role of SPP1 in tumor development and to offer new insights and directions for developing SPP1-based tumor diagnostic markers and targeted therapeutic strategies.
Study on the Immune Activity of Mice In vitro and In vivo with Nano-Material Adjuvant
This paper investigates the effects of graphene quantum dots and mesoporous silica as nanomaterial adjuvants on immune activity in mice in vitro and in vivo. The two materials have distinct properties; graphene quantum dots possess unique optical and electrical characteristics, while mesoporous silica features a regular pore structure. In vitro experiments show differences in their effects on immune cell activation and cytokine secretion; in vivo experiments reveal varying performances in antibody production and immune cell function regulation. Their mechanisms of action and safety profiles also differ, offering distinct advantages in application prospects. These two nanomaterial adjuvants provide new directions for the development of immunology, warranting further exploration.
Clinical Effect of Microscopic Ultrasound Technology in Special Root Canal Therapy
Objective: To investigate the effect of microscopic ultrasound in special root canal therapy. Methods: Sixty patients undergoing root canal therapy in the hospital from April 2023 to December 2024 were selected and grouped by random number chart. In the control group, 30 patients used the traditional method of root canal dredging, and 30 patients in the observation group used the microultrasonic root canal technique for root canal dredging. The dredging success rate was compared with the dredging time, pain degree, patient satisfaction, and complications. Results: The success rate and total satisfaction of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, the dredging time was shorter than the control group, and the pain score and complication rate were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of microscopic ultrasound technology in special root canal treatment has a definite therapeutic effect, a high success rate, and a short dredging time, which is conducive to reducing pain, reducing the incidence of complications, and improving patient satisfaction, which is worth being widely used.
A Review on the Efficacy of Ultrasonic and Laser-Activated Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation at Different Concentrations in Root Canal Treatment
In root canal treatment, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) serves as a core irrigant due to its well-recognized antimicrobial and tissue-dissolving capabilities. However, its clinical efficacy is significantly influenced by concentration, activation techniques, and adjunctive methods. This review systematically examines the differences in therapeutic outcomes among NaOCl concentrations, combined with the mechanisms of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and laser activation (e.g., Er,Cr:YSGG laser), to explore their synergistic effects. By analyzing relevant literature, this paper discusses how ultrasonic and laser activation enhance NaOCl’s antimicrobial efficacy, penetration depth, and impact on dentin. The results indicate that while high-concentration NaOCl (≥ 5%) excels in tissue dissolution, it carries risks of cytotoxicity. In contrast, ultrasonic or laser activation significantly improves the antimicrobial performance and penetration of low-concentration NaOCl (≤ 2.5%), achieving comparable bactericidal effects to higher concentrations. Therefore, selecting appropriate NaOCl concentrations and activation modalities is critical for improving the success rate of root canal therapy. This review further addresses current research limitations and proposes future directions, including standardization of activation protocols, long-term evaluation of biofilm eradication, and clinical translation pathways.
Explore the Localization Path of Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment Based on the International Experience of the British NHS System in China
On a global scale, population aging has become an irreversible trend, reshaping the supply and demand pattern of existing medical resources. Although China’s hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system has been gradually built and improved, the rate of first diagnosis at the grass-roots level is less than 40%, which is facing a serious development bottleneck. The British National Health Service (NHS), as a model of global medical resource allocation, has a high efficiency of resource utilization and achieves 90% of the first diagnosis rate at the grassroots level. Therefore, based on the practical experience of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment in Britain, we put forward the localization suggestion of “rigid legislation + flexible technical technology” applicable to China’s development.
Clinical Application of M6A in Cervical Cancer and Precancerous Lesions
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a key epigenetic modification in eukaryotic RNA. Studies in cervical cancer reveal that m6A levels and its modifying enzymes may serve as promising molecular markers for tumor progression monitoring and precision diagnosis. This paper aims to explore the relationship between Writer (methyltransferase), ERASERS (desmethyltransferase), Readers (recognition proteins) and cervical cancer cell molecules In m6A methylation modification, which are the regulators of m6A methylation modification, to provide new perspectives and strategies for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pre-cancerous cervical lesions and cervical cancer. Modulating its expression in vivo may enhance cervical cancer cells’ radiotherapy sensitivity, potentially addressing chemotherapy resistance and improving therapeutic outcomes for advanced-stage cases.
Research and Progress in the Review of Commonly Used Antimicrobial Drug Prescriptions
Analysis of the Application Effect of Sandwich Teaching Method Combined with Case Teaching Method in Clinical Teaching of Otoendoscopy
Objective: To analyze the application effect of the Sandwich teaching method combined with the case teaching method in clinical teaching of otoendoscopy. Methods: Fifty-five medical students who were studying in the 2019 grade of the medical school and interning in the otolaryngology department of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from March 2024 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into two groups using a random number table method. The traditional lecture-style teaching method was implemented in the control group (n = 25), while the case teaching method combined with the Sandwich teaching method was implemented in the study group (n = 30). The application effect was evaluated by comparing the comprehensive ability level scores, the results of the department exit test, and the satisfaction evaluation of the teaching method between the two groups. Results: Before enrollment, there was no statistically significant difference in comprehensive ability scores between the control group and the study group (P > 0.05). At the time of department exit, the comprehensive ability scores of both groups increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the study group had higher scores than the control group (P < 0.05). The study group had higher scores on the department exit test than the control group (P < 0.05). The teaching satisfaction scores of the students in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Applying the Sandwich teaching method combined with the case teaching method in the clinical teaching process of otoendoscopy can enhance students’ subjective initiative, greatly improve their comprehensive abilities and academic performance, effectively improve teaching quality, and enhance teaching satisfaction. It is worthy of promotion and application.
Rehabilitation Effect of Aerobic Resistance Rehabilitation Therapy Combined with Respiratory Exercise Rehabilitation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Objective: To analyze the effect of aerobic resistance and respiratory exercise rehabilitation therapy on COPD patients. Methods: 80 patients with COPD admitted to the hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, and underwent conventional rehabilitation therapy and aerobic COPD rehabilitation therapy and respiratory exercise rehabilitation therapy, respectively. Rehabilitation status was assessed in both groups. Results: After treatment, the observation group improved significantly, better than the control group, P < 0.05. Before treatment, the longest distance was within 6 minutes, P > 0.05. After treatment, the observation group had a longer walking distance than the control group, P < 0.05. Before treatment, the indices such as partial oxygen and blood pressure in the observation group were comparable, with P > 0.05. After treatment, the blood gas index improved significantly in the observation group, better than the control group, P < 0.05. Conclusion: During the treatment of patients with COPD, while guiding patients to carry out aerobic resistance pulmonary rehabilitation training, the implementation of respiratory exercise rehabilitation measures can effectively improve the pulmonary function index of patients, improve their exercise endurance, and improve the arterial oxygen partial pressure level of patients.
Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Reveal Wenxin Granule’s Anti-Atrial Fibrillation Mechanisms
Objective: Wenxin Granules (WXG) is a Chinese medicine preparation made from five traditional Chinese medicines, including Polygonal circumscribe, Synopsis peninsula, Panax nothingness, Succinct, and Chardonnays chines, clinically used for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. The specific components and molecular mechanisms of WXG in treating atrial fibrillation have not been fully clarified. This study will further elucidate the mechanism of action of WXG in treating atrial fibrillation through network pharmacology research and molecular docking techniques. Methods: The components corresponding to the five Chinese herbs were searched in the Herb database and the active components of OB 30%, DL 0.18 were screened according to the TCMSP database, and the relevant targets of the active components were retrieved in Symmap. The above “metacentric particle-active component-target” data were imported into the Cytoscape software to build an intuitive map of the “metacentric particle-active component-target” network. In the GeneCards database, “atrial fibrillation” was used as the keyword to obtain disease-related targets of atrial fibrillation, and the intersection targets of metacellular particles and atrial fibrillation in the Venny 2.1.0 platform. These targets were initially considered to be the targets of metacellular particles in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. The intersection targets were imported into the protein intercorrelation analysis platform, STRING website, to get the PPI to further analyze the relationship between these intersection targets. PPI data were imported into Cytoscape software for more accurate analysis to obtain core targets. The intersection targets were analyzed by the David database and obtained as enrichment analysis for KEGG and GO. Finally, the molecular docking of the core target and the active component was scored with AutoDock series software, and the results were imported into PyMOL display. Conclusion: This study provides a reference for further investigation of the mechanism of antiarrhythmic action, and defines the core targets of the drug phase and selects 191 intersection targets of cardiac particles and atrial fibrillation. The core targets were TP 53, AKT 1, JUN, STAT 3, TNF and IL 6, and the main signaling pathways involved were the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. KEGG enrichment analysis identified TP 53, AKT 1 and STAT 3 as core targets of metacentric granule (WXG) modulation of atrial fibrillation (AF) through the PI3K-AKT pathway, lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory signaling pathway. Molecular docking revealed that Acacetin, the major bioactive component of WXG, stabilizes atrial electrophysiology by selectively inhibiting potassium currents, consistent with established antiarrhythmic effects.
Research and Development and Clinical Application of Drug-controlled Release Esophageal Stents Based on 3D Printing Technology
3D printing technology is greatly revolutionizing the R&D model of medical devices. Therefore, this paper conducts a comprehensive review of the application progress of 3D printing technology in the field of drug-controlled release esophageal stents, focusing on aspects such as material selection, structural design, drug loading strategies, and clinical application effects. After reviewing the current literature, it is found that 3D printing technology can achieve personalized customization of esophageal stents, manufacturing of complex structures, and precise drug-controlled release, providing a brand-new idea for solving problems such as displacement and restenosis faced by traditional esophageal stents. At present, 3D-printed drug-controlled release esophageal stents have shown good application prospects in the treatment of diseases such as radiation esophagitis and esophageal cancer. However, it is still necessary to further optimize the material properties and conduct long-term safety evaluations.
Review of the Research Progress on Periodisation Design and Neuromuscular Adaptation of Strength Training in Adolescent Athletes
This article reviews the current state of the art in the phased design and neuromuscular adaptation of strength training for adolescent athletes. It discusses the importance of periodic models, their impact on strength development, and the mechanisms of neuromuscular adaptation during training. This study focuses on how models of periodism, including linear, fluctuation, and block periodism, can help optimize neuromuscular efficiency and explore their specific roles in the development of motor unit synchronization, HTMU recruitment, and myofiber hypertrophy in adolescents.
The Influence of Rehabilitation Nursing Combined with Upper and Lower Limb Rehabilitation Training on Limb Function in Patients with Cerebral Infarction During the Rehabilitation Period
Objective: To explore the effect of conventional rehabilitation nursing combined with upper and lower limb rehabilitation training on patients in the rehabilitation period of cerebral infarction. Method: 76 patients in the rehabilitation period of cerebral infarction were selected and randomly divided into the control group (conventional rehabilitation care) and the observation group (conventional rehabilitation care combined with rehabilitation training of upper and lower limbs). The limb function, balance ability, activities of daily living and gait recovery of the patients were evaluated by FMA, BBS, MBI, gait analyzer, SAS and SDS. Result: After 3 months of nursing, the observation group was significantly better than the control group in FMA, BBS, MBI and gait recovery scores (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Conventional rehabilitation nursing combined with upper and lower limb rehabilitation training can significantly improve the motor, balance and daily activity abilities of patients in the rehabilitation period of cerebral infarction, and enhance the quality of life.
Study on the Role of Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001591 in Colorectal Cancer
Objective: To validate and characterize the expression of circular RNA hsa_circ_0001591—identified by high-throughput sequencing on the DNBSEQ platform—as differentially expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues versus adjacent non-tumor tissues and to explore its association with clinicopathological features and prognostic potential. Methods: RT-qPCR was performed on 13 paired CRC and matched adjacent samples to confirm elevated hsa_circ_0001591 levels, functional knockdown attempts were made in CRC cell lines with PCR verification of silencing efficiency, and statistical analyses were conducted to correlate RNA expression with CD31/CD34 status, patient age, and short-term postoperative outcomes. Results: Ten of 13 CRC specimens showed significantly higher hsa_circ_0001591 expression in tumor versus adjacent tissue, and elevated levels correlated with CD31/CD34 positivity (P = 0.041) and age > 70 years old (P = 0.033), whereas circRNA knockdown in vitro was inconclusive due to its inherent stability and no significant differences in short-term postoperative status were observed. Conclusion: hsa_circ_0001591 is upregulated in CRC and linked to markers of vascular invasion, suggesting a potential inhibitory role in angiogenesis, and its miRNA/mRNA interaction network may drive CRC pathogenesis, making it a promising molecular biomarker and therapeutic target.
Study on the Efficacy of Physical Factor Therapy Combined With Exercise Rehabilitation in Treating Lumbar Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of physical factor therapy combined with exercise rehabilitation on patients with lumbar myofascial pain syndrome. Methods: Fifty patients with lumbar myofascial pain syndrome who visited the hospital were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 25 cases in each group. The control group received conventional physical factor therapy, while the observation group was additionally treated with exercise rehabilitation training. The pain levels, lumbar function, quality of life, and clinical efficacy were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the observation group showed better pain relief, improved lumbar function, and enhanced quality of life compared to the control group, with a significantly higher overall clinical effectiveness (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Combining physical factor therapy with exercise rehabilitation can more effectively alleviate symptoms in patients with lumbar myofascial pain syndrome, improve lumbar function, and enhance quality of life, making it worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Development and Clinical Efficacy Evaluation of Individualized Exercise Rehabilitation Programs for Patients after PCI
Objective: To explore the methods for formulating individualized exercise rehabilitation plans for patients after PCI surgery and their clinical outcomes. Methods: Patients who underwent PCI surgery at the hospital were selected as research subjects. Individualized exercise rehabilitation plans were developed based on the patients' physical conditions and disease characteristics. The changes in cardiopulmonary function, cardiac function indicators, and quality of life before and after rehabilitation were observed. Results: After individualized exercise rehabilitation program, patients showed significant improvements in cardiopulmonary function, cardiac function indicators, and quality of life. Conclusion: Formulating individualized exercise rehabilitation plans for patients after PCI surgery can effectively promote patient recovery and improve their quality of life, demonstrating important clinical application value.
Effect of Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy Combined With Rehabilitation Training on Nerve Function Recovery in Patients With Different Degrees of Spinal Cord Injury
Spinal cord injury seriously affects the neurological function of patients, so it is very important to explore effective treatment methods. This study focused on the effect of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with rehabilitation training on the recovery of nerve function in patients with different degrees of spinal cord injury. Firstly, the types and mechanisms of spinal cord injury and the path of damage to nerve function were analyzed, and the principle and synergistic mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and rehabilitation training were expounded. For patients with mild spinal cord injury, to develop a combination treatment plan and evaluate the recovery effect. For moderate to severe patients, the treatment strategy was adjusted and the effect was compared. The results showed that the combination therapy could effectively promote the recovery of nerve function in patients with different degrees of spinal cord injury, and the effect of strategy adjustment was significantly improved in moderate and severe patients. The research results provide a new idea and scientific basis for the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury, and have important application value.
Analysis of the Screening Efficacy of the Konsung Hemoglobin Analyzer in Anemia Patients
Anemia, a highly prevalent disease worldwide, severely impacts the health and quality of life for hundreds of millions of people. Early screening is of great significance for improving the prognosis of patients and reducing the burden of disease. With medical resources sinking to the grassroots level, it is urgent to develop precise and convenient screening tools. This article takes the Konsung Hemoglobin Analyzer (H7 series) as the research object and delves into the application value of its spectrophotometric detection principle in anemia screening. Through systematic analysis of instrument performance parameters, multicenter clinical validation data, and comparison with traditional laboratory testing methods, it was found that the device demonstrated high precision (± 2% error range) and high efficiency (3 seconds/sample) in hemoglobin quantitative detection. Its portable design and simple operation process greatly lowered the threshold for primary medical staff to use it. It is particularly suitable for large-scale screening in primary medical institutions. The study also pointed out that the device has an initial screening accuracy rate of 92.3% for iron deficiency anemia, can effectively identify high-risk groups, provide a reliable basis for subsequent precise diagnosis and treatment, and has important clinical and social value in promoting the forward shift of anemia prevention and treatment and achieving early diagnosis and treatment.
The Application of Schroth Therapy Combined with Pilates Training in the Rehabilitation Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Objective: To explore the application effect of Schroth therapy combined with Pilates training in the rehabilitation treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods: A total of 100 patients from Tianjin Hospital in Tianjin were randomly selected as the research subjects. The time period was from June 2024 to March 2025. They were evenly divided into two groups by the random number table method. There were 50 cases in the control group who were given Schroth therapy, and 50 cases in the observation group. Pilates training was added on the basis of the control group to observe the rehabilitation effect. Result: The effective rate of treatment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the Cobb Angle and ATR Angle in the observation group were both smaller than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with AIS, the combination of Ross therapy and Pilates has a better effect and is of practical value.
Research Progress and Challenges Analysis of 4D Printing Technology in the Treatment of Esophageal Diseases
4D printing technology is an important extension of 3D printing technology. After introducing the time dimension, the printed structure can undergo dynamic changes in response to external stimuli such as temperature, pH value, and magnetic field, providing new possibilities for personalized treatment of esophageal diseases. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress of 4D printing technology in the treatment of diseases such as esophageal stenosis, esophagotracheal fistula, and radiation esophagitis. It focuses on analyzing its application potential in fields such as stent design, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, and discusses the challenges faced by 4D printing technology in aspects, such as material selection, printing accuracy, biocompatibility, and clinical transformation. The future development direction was projected.
Precision Exercise Prescription for Exercise Rehabilitation of Chronic Diseases: A Review Based on Evidence-based Medicine
This study reviews the application status and future development trend of precision exercise prescription (PEP) based on evidence-based medicine in chronic disease rehabilitation. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and respiratory diseases have a significant impact on public health and socioeconomic factors. Exercise rehabilitation plays a vital role in the treatment of these conditions, and precise exercise prescribing offers a more personalized approach compared to traditional methods. By tailoring an exercise program to an individual’s health status, genetic background, and lifestyle, precision exercise can help optimize rehabilitation outcomes.
Research on the Management Psychology of Marketing Personnel in Chinese Pharmaceutical Industry: The Synergistic Mechanism between Occupational Stress and Organizational Incentive
The purpose of this paper is to explore the current situation of occupational stress and the synergistic mechanism between occupational stress and organizational motivation of Chinese pharmaceutical market personnel. Through literature review and theoretical analysis, this paper reveals the multiple sources of occupational stress faced by marketing personnel in pharmaceutical industry, including market competition, performance assessment, policy and regulation changes, and analyzes the influence of these pressures on individual psychology and behavior. At the same time, this paper deeply discusses the mechanism of organizational incentives in relieving occupational pressure and improving work performance. It puts forward strategic suggestions on building an organizational incentive system based on occupational stress management, to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the effective management of market personnel in China’s pharmaceutical industry.
Observation on the Efficacy of Edaravone Dexborneol in the Treatment of Large-area Cerebral Infarction
Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of edaravone dexborneol in the treatment of patients with large-area cerebral infarction by comparing the GCS score, mRS score, NIHSS score, BI score, and hs-CRP results before and after treatment, as well as the mRS score, mortality rate, length of hospital stay, and adverse reactions after 90 days of treatment between the two groups. Methods: A total of 102 patients with acute large-area cerebral infarction who were hospitalized in the neurology department of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. All patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 51 patients in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, thrombolytic therapy, and endovascular interventional therapy, while the experimental group received additional edaravone dexborneol treatment for 14 days based on the above treatment methods. The GCS score, mRS score, NIHSS score, BI score, and hs-CRP results before and after treatment, as well as the mRS score, mortality rate, length of hospital stay, and adverse reactions after 90 days of treatment, were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results: The two groups were comparable at baseline, with no significant differences in demographics, laboratory parameters, stroke subtype (TOAST), neurological deficit (NIHSS), functional status (mRS, BI), consciousness (GCS), or inflammation (hs-CRP) (all P > 0.05). After 14 days of treatment, the experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher overall response rate (78.4% vs. 52.9%, P = 0.007), greater reduction in NIHSS score (P = 0.043) and greater increase in BI score (P = 0.017), while changes in GCS and mRS remained similar between groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, the experimental group achieved larger pre-to-post treatment improvements in NIHSS (P = 0.032) and BI (P = 0.013), but not in GCS or mRS (P > 0.05). Inflammatory marker hs-CRP decreased more markedly in the experimental group at day 14 and showed a greater change from baseline (both P < 0.001). By day 90, the experimental group exhibited lower mRS scores and greater mRS improvement than controls (P = 0.011 and P = 0.038, respectively), without differences in mortality (P > 0.05). Finally, there were no significant differences between groups in hospital length of stay or adverse event rates (P > 0.05), indicating both regimens were similarly safe and well tolerated. Conclusion: Edaravone dexborneol can effectively improve neurological deficits in patients with large-area cerebral infarction, improve patients’ quality of life, and has good safety. Edaravone dexborneol can improve inflammatory indicators in patients with large-area cerebral infarction, which is one of the mechanisms of edaravone dexborneol in the treatment of large-area cerebral infarction. Edaravone dexborneol can improve the short-term prognosis of patients with large-area cerebral infarction.
Risk Factor Analysis and Prediction Model Construction for Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture
Objective: To analyze the independent risk factors for postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients with hip fracture and construct and validate a risk prediction model. Methods: A total of 134 elderly patients with hip fractures aged over 60 years old who underwent elective surgical treatment in the hospital from September 2022 to September 2023 were selected as the study subjects. The occurrence of POD was evaluated using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) scale from 1 to 5 days after surgery, and the patients were divided into the POD group (n = 35) and the non-POD group (n = 95) based on the diagnosis. General information was compared between the two groups, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for POD and construct a nomogram model. The predictive value of the nomogram model for POD was tested by drawing a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: There were significant differences in age, comorbid diabetes, comorbid stroke, preoperative albumin, and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increasing age, comorbid diabetes, comorbid stroke, and low preoperative albumin levels were independent risk factors for POD. The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the nomogram model for predicting POD in elderly patients with hip fracture was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.841–0.951, P < 0.001), with specificity, sensitivity, and Youden’s index of 0.989, 0.907, and 0.893, respectively. Conclusion: Increasing age, comorbid diabetes, history of stroke, and preoperative hypoalbuminemia are independent risk factors for POD in elderly patients with hip fracture. The nomogram prediction model constructed based on these risk factors demonstrates good discriminatory performance in clinical risk stratification. It is suggested that precise intervention strategies should be implemented for high-risk populations in clinical practice to optimize perioperative management.
Task-Oriented Rehabilitation Nursing with Thematic Health Education Improves Functional Recovery and Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Elderly Post-Stroke Lower Extremity Hemiplegia
Objective: When providing care for elderly patients with hemiplegia of the lower extremities after stroke, task-oriented rehabilitation nursing combined with thematic health education was adopted to analyze the effect of such nursing measures. Methods: Fifty patients were randomly selected, all of whom were patients with lower extremity hemiplegia after stroke admitted to a certain rehabilitation hospital. The admission period was from September 2021 to August 2024. They were evenly divided by random lottery, with 25 cases in each group. Conventional nursing was used in the control group, and task-oriented rehabilitation nursing combined with thematic health education was used in the observation group. Analyze the effects produced by different nursing measures. Results: There was a significant difference in the FMA scores between the two groups of patients before and after the intervention, both of which increased significantly, and the improvement in the observation group was even greater (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the scores of health knowledge, attitude and practice between the two groups of patients before and after the intervention, both of which improved significantly, and the improvement in the observation group was even greater (P < 0.05). Conclusion: When providing nursing care for elderly patients with hemiplegia of the lower extremities after stroke, the application of task-oriented rehabilitation nursing combined with thematic health education can significantly improve their lower extremity function and health knowledge, attitude and practice.
Research Progress on Drug Therapy for Retinal Vein Occlusion Combined with Macular Edema
As a common cause of blindness in retinal vascular diseases, retinal vein occlusion (Retinal vein occlusion, RVO) often leads to macular edema (macular edema, ME), which is the core pathological link causing central vision loss in patients. In recent years, with the innovative application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) agents, breakthroughs in sustained-release glucocorticoid technology, and the promotion of multimodal combined therapy strategies, clinical management of RVO-associated ME has entered a new phase of precision treatment. This review is based on evidence from evidence-based medicine, systematically analyzing the latest advancements in the pharmacological treatment system for RVO-ME, and proposes new directions for exploration from a translational medicine perspective, addressing current research gaps.
Clinical Observation on the Therapeutic Effect of Carotid Artery Plaque Interventional Therapy Based on Vascular Ultrasound
Objective: This study aims to explore the impact of the early diagnosis model of carotid plaque hemorrhage constructed based on ultrasound features on clinical decision-making. Methods: One hundred patients who underwent carotid artery ultrasound examination were selected as the research subjects, with an average age of 65.63 ± 8.91 years old and an average BMI of 24.48 ± 1.82 kg/m2. They were divided into the observation group (50 cases) and the control group (50 cases). There was no statistically significant difference in general data between the two groups (P > 0.05), indicating that the grouping was reasonable. Carotid artery ultrasound was used to evaluate the degree, size, type and distribution of plaque sclerosis. Results: The plaque size (IMT: 1.51 ± 0.22 mm) and echo intensity (3.18 ± 0.72 score) in the observation group were significantly greater than those in the control group (IMT: 0.82 ± 0.9 mm, echo intensity: 2.02 ± 0.63 score) (P < 0.05). The types and distribution of plaques in the observation group were more diverse than those in the control group and showed significant differences (P < 0.05), especially the number of plaques at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and the common carotid artery was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion: The early diagnosis model of carotid artery intraplaque hemorrhage constructed based on ultrasound features can effectively distinguish the degree, size, type and distribution of plaque sclerosis, which is helpful to improve the accuracy of early diagnosis of intraplaque hemorrhage. Further clinical applications have shown that this model can provide important references for clinical treatment decisions and has high clinical application value.
Comparison of Local Anesthetic Effects of Lidocaine and Articaine at Different Buccal Cortical Bone Thicknesses during Mandibular Molar Implant Surgery
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of local infiltration anesthesia using lidocaine and articaine during mandibular molar implant surgery with different buccal cortical bone thicknesses (1 mm, 1–2 mm, 2 mm), to provide scientific evidence for the clinical selection of anesthetic agents. Methods: The study subjects were 240 adult patients who underwent mandibular molar implant surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University between May 2023 and May 2024. The thickness of the buccal cortical bone was confirmed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and patients were randomly divided into three groups: the first group (cortical bone thickness 1 mm), study group (lidocaine, 40 patients) and control group (articaine, 40 patients); the second group (cortical bone thickness 1–2 mm), study group (lidocaine, 40 patients) and control group (articaine, 40 patients); and the third group (cortical bone thickness 2 mm), study group (lidocaine, 40 patients) and control group (articaine, 40 patients). The primary outcomes measured were onset time of anesthesia (seconds) and anesthesia efficacy rate (percentage). Results: In the first group, the onset time of anesthesia in the lidocaine group and articaine group was 45.2 ± 5.32 seconds and 44.80 ± 4.60 seconds, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.720). The overall efficacy rates were 95.0% and 97.5%, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.556). In the second group, the onset time of anesthesia was significantly longer in the lidocaine group than in the articaine group (56.70 ± 6.05 seconds vs. 50.35 ± 5.66 seconds, p < 0.05), and the overall efficacy rate was lower (80.0% vs. 95.0%, p < 0.05). In the third group, the onset time of anesthesia was significantly prolonged in the lidocaine group (65.4 ± 6.68 seconds) compared to the articaine group (52.25 ± 5.80 seconds, p < 0.01), and the overall efficacy rate was significantly lower in the lidocaine group (79.0% vs. 90.0%, p < 0.01). Conclusion: There is no significant difference in anesthetic efficacy between lidocaine and articaine when the buccal cortical bone thickness is 1 mm. However, when the buccal cortical bone thickness is 1–2 mm or 2 mm, articaine demonstrates a faster onset time and higher anesthetic efficacy.
Genetically Predicted Immune Cells Mediate the Association between HLA-B and Cerebral Atherosclerosis
Objective: Investigating the causal relationship between HLA Class l genes and cerebral atherosclerosis (CA) and identifying the role of immune cells as a potential mediator. Methods: The study conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using an Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) approach to investigate the causal role of HLA Class I genes in CA and the mediating effect of immune cells on this association. Results: MR Analysis determined that HLA-B (IVW: odds ratio (OR) = 1.4493, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1296−1.8595, p = 0.0035) increased the risk of CA. In addition, 39 immune cell traits were associated with CA. Notably, the proportion of genetically predicted HLA-B mediated by Unsw Mem % lymphocyte was 13.1%. Conclusion: This study suggests a causal relationship between HLA-B and CA, possibly mediated by immune cells.
Study on the Correlation between Bone Window Design in Decompressive Craniectomy for Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage and the Formation of Postoperative Subdural Effusion
Objective: To study the correlation between bone window design in decompressive craniectomy for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and the formation of postoperative subdural effusion. Methods: 36 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage who underwent decompressive craniectomy in our hospital from September 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the research subjects. All patients were divided into a case group (with subdural effusion, n = 16) and a control group (without subdural effusion, n = 20) based on whether they developed subdural effusion within 2 weeks after surgery. The situation of hemorrhage breaking into the ventricles was compared between the two groups, and skull CT thin-layer scan was performed after decompressive craniectomy to reconstruct the skull in three dimensions. The distance from the edge of the decompression window to the midline, the height of the decompression window, the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the decompression window, and the maximum area of the decompression window were measured. Results: There were no significant differences in gender, age, hemorrhage volume, and hemorrhage location between the two groups (P > 0.05), indicating comparability. There were significant differences in the height of the decompression window, the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the decompression window, and the area of the decompression window between the case group and the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in whether the hemorrhage broke into the ventricles and the distance from the edge of the decompression window to the midline (P > 0.05). Patients with a decompression window height greater than 8 cm, an anteroposterior diameter greater than 10 cm, and an area greater than 50 cm2 had a higher probability of developing postoperative subdural effusion (P = 0.018, 0.0008, 0.013 < 0.05). Conclusion: The height, maximum anteroposterior diameter, and area of the decompression window are important factors affecting the formation of postoperative subdural effusion after decompressive craniectomy. Optimizing the design of the decompression window and avoiding excessively large bone windows can help reduce the incidence of postoperative subdural effusion and improve patient prognosis.
Analysis of the Anti-Aging Mechanism and Potential of Angelica sinensis
Aging is a multifactorial process driven by oxidative stress, telomere attrition, and chronic inflammation. In traditional Chinese medicine, Angelica sinensis is a blood-activating and blood-tonifying herb. The components it contains, such as ferulic acid and polysaccharides, have significant effects on anti-aging and whitening. These components achieve the ability to inhibit cell aging by eliminating free radicals, such as , +etc, and enhancing the total antioxidant capacity in the serum. At the same time, the anti-aging components of Angelica sinensis have a synergistic effect with substances like NMN and Res, jointly exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulating functions, providing ideas for the application of Angelica sinensis anti-aging cosmetics and the treatment of some diseases.
Research on the Clinical Value of Different Pancreaticojejunostomy Techniques in Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Objective: To observe the clinical application and value of different pancreaticojejunostomy techniques in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: Sixty-eight patients who underwent laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected. They were divided into two groups of 34 patients each using a random method. One group underwent duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy (control group), while the other group underwent modified pancreaticojejunostomy (observation group). Surgical indicators (operation time, pancreaticojejunostomy time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay) were recorded for both groups, and postoperative complications were documented. Results: The observation group had significantly shorter operation time, pancreaticojejunostomy time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the width of the main pancreatic duct between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy, there are significant differences in perioperative indicators between different pancreatic anastomosis techniques. Among them, the modified pancreaticojejunostomy method can shorten time indicators and reduce the possibility of postoperative complications, making it worthy of clinical selection.
MASLD-Related HCC: Trends, Pathogenesis and Current Treatment Options
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a late-stage complication in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Recent epidemiological studies indicate that as the global burden of HCC continues to rise alarmingly, the proportion of MASLD-related HCC cases both in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic populations has been steadily increasing. This review aims to provide an update on the HCC burden in individuals with MASLD, exploring its association with insulin resistance, metabolic inflammation, and gut-derived liver injury. Finally, we will outline risk-based HCC surveillance strategies and discuss the potential impact of novel targeted therapies for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) related fibrosis on HCC incidence.
Research on the Optimization Path of Infectious Disease Monitoring System in Public Health Emergencies
After years of development, China’s infectious disease monitoring system has formed a nationwide network with medical institutions as sentinel points, disease control institutions as the core, and information systems as the support. However, in public health emergencies, it still exposes problems such as insufficient monitoring sensitivity, uneven data quality, and inefficient cross-departmental collaboration. This article analyzes the current status of monitoring systems at home and abroad and proposes optimization paths from the perspectives of monitoring network construction, data capability improvement, and legalization construction. It aims to provide a theoretical reference for improving the ability of infectious disease monitoring, early warning, and emergency response.
Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-guided Pingyangmycin Combined with Microwave Ablation in the Treatment of Microcystic Lymphatic Malformations in Children
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided Pingyangmycin sclerotherapy combined with microwave ablation (MWA) for treating microcystic lymphatic malformations (LMs) in children, compared to Pingyangmycin sclerotherapy alone. Methods: This single-group study enrolled 108 pediatric patients with microcystic LM hospitalized between January 2022 and September 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on treatment received: the Sclerotherapy group (n = 74, Pingyangmycin injection alone) and the Combination group (n = 34, Pingyangmycin injection followed by MWA). Baseline characteristics, lesion parameters (location, initial volume, intralesional fluid characteristics), treatment details (Pingyangmycin dosage, number of sessions), efficacy outcomes (Volume Reduction Rate [VRR], Efficacy Grade), and complications were recorded and statistically compared. Results: The Combination group had significantly larger initial lesion volumes (59.2 mL vs. 11.6 mL, p < 0.001) and were predominantly located in the lower limbs (76.5% vs. 29.7%), while the Sclerotherapy group lesions were mainly in the face & neck (33.8% vs. 2.9%). The Combination group used significantly less Pingyangmycin (median 0.5 mg vs. 2.0 mg, p < 0.001, a 75% reduction) and required fewer treatment sessions (88.2% vs. 47.3% completed in one session, p < 0.001). VRR was comparable between groups (Combination: 57.4% vs. Sclerotherapy: 52.0%, p = 0.344), as was the proportion achieving >75% reduction (Grade IV: 26.5% vs. 24.3%, p = 0.887). Overall complication rates were similar (p = 0.232), though mild pain incidence was higher in the Combination group (41.2% vs. 21.6%). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided combined Pingyangmycin and MWA therapy significantly reduces Pingyangmycin dosage and treatment frequency while achieving comparable efficacy to sclerotherapy alone in pediatric microcystic LM. The dual chemical-thermal ablation mechanism offers a precise, minimally invasive option, particularly advantageous for craniofacial lesions. Larger, long-term studies are warranted to validate these findings.
Research Progress on the Clinical Application of Opioid-Free Anesthesia
Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is an innovative anesthetic strategy that minimizes intraoperative opioid use by employing multimodal analgesia, including regional techniques, non-opioid analgesics, and nerve blocks, while ensuring perioperative safety and effective pain control. Current studies suggest that OFA offers potential advantages in reducing opioid-related complications, improving long-term prognosis, and shortening postoperative recovery time. However, further research is needed to explore its long-term benefits and optimal patient populations. This article summarizes the classifications and indications of OFA and reviews its clinical value in gynecological, thoracic, orthopedic, and geriatric surgeries.
Investigation and Countermeasures on the Status quo of TCM Nursing Ability of Nurses in Guangyuan Hospitals
This study aims to investigate the current status of TCM nursing capabilities among nurses in hospitals in Guangyuan, analyze the influencing factors, and propose development strategies. A descriptive survey was conducted using a random sampling method to select 1,518 clinical nurses engaged in TCM nursing from four public hospitals in Guangyuan. Data were collected using general information questionnaires, TCM nursing capability questionnaires, and TCM nursing training needs questionnaires. The study found that the TCM nursing team in Guangyuan is characterized by a young workforce and high educational levels, but a high proportion of non-regular staff. There is an imbalance in TCM nursing capabilities, with strong technical skills but weak theoretical foundations, and more routine techniques than innovative ones. Nurses have a strong demand for training, but there is room for improvement in the quantity and relevance of existing training programs. Based on these findings, the study proposes strategies to optimize team structure, enhance capabilities through tiered approaches, meet training needs precisely, and promote the development of the discipline.
Survey and Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cultural Identity Among Vocational College Medical Students
Objective: This study aims to understand the current status of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cultural identity among vocational college medical students and provide strategies and recommendations to further enhance their recognition of TCM culture. Methods: From May to June 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to survey medical students from four vocational colleges in Anhui Province using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Cultural Identity Scale. A total of 1,488 valid questionnaires were collected. Results: The overall average score for TCM cultural identity among medical students was 4.50 ± 0.48, indicating a relatively high level. Among the three dimensions, the cognitive dimension scored the highest, followed by the affective dimension, while the behavioral dimension scored the lowest. Significant differences were found in TCM cultural identity among students based on gender, grade, major, and method of major selection. Conclusion: It is recommended to strengthen the practical teaching of TCM culture, with a particular focus on female students, lower-grade students, students from non-autonomously selected majors, and those without a background in TCM, to effectively enhance their recognition of TCM culture.
The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Humanistic Caring Ability Among Nursing Students
Objective: To explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and humanistic caring ability among nursing students, and to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for enhancing their humanistic caring ability. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select a total of 511 nursing students from different colleges. A total of 505 valid questionnaires were finally included in the analysis. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Caring Ability Inventory (CAI), and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS). Pearson correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and humanistic caring ability. Results: The total score of humanistic caring ability among nursing students was 185.45 ± 23.43, indicating a relatively low level. The total score of emotional intelligence was 128.94 ± 15.39, indicating a moderately high level. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the total scores of emotional intelligence and humanistic caring ability (r = 0.666, p < 0.001). Moreover, each dimension of emotional intelligence was significantly positively correlated with each dimension of humanistic caring ability (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Nursing students demonstrated an overall low level of humanistic caring ability. Those with higher levels of emotional intelligence performed better in terms of humanistic caring. It is recommended that the cultivation of emotional intelligence be systematically integrated into nursing education, in order to enhance nursing students’ emotional recognition and regulation abilities, and thereby improve their level of humanistic caring.