Pattern and Risk Factors of Lower Respiratory Illness in Children Who Survived Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
Keywords:
Meconium aspiration syndrome, Bronchitis, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonia, AsthmaAbstract
Objective: Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) occurs when aspiration of meconium itself or meconium-stained amniotic fluid enters into the airways. The relationship between MAS and the respiratory outcome after recovery from MAS remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between clinical findings and treatment at birth and the type of LRTI. Methods: We extracted the data from Catholic Medical Center’s clinical data warehouse and reviewed data from 4 university hospitals. We first selected 1,331 newborns born between March 2016 and February 2021 with diagnostic codes including labor and delivery complicated by fetal stress (distress), intrauterine hypoxia, and neonatal aspiration syndromes. At last, 239 patients who visited the outpatient clinic with diagnoses of pneumonia, acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, and asthma, according to the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases were included in our study. Results: We observed a significantly higher number and fraction of eosinophils at birth in the bronchitis group. We also found significantly lower levels of white blood cells in the asthma group. After regression analysis, we found that mechanical ventilation and steroid usage for the treatment of MAS were significantly related to bronchitis and that antibiotics treatment acted as a protective factor for bronchiolitis. Conclusion: Laboratory findings and treatment at birth in infants with MAS appear to have an impact on determining LRTI in those who survived MAS.
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