A Comprehensive Literature Review of Organizational Justice, Organizational Commtiment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Private Enterprises

Authors

    Manyi Su, Hon Tat Huam, Beh Kok Hooi, Chan Tak Jie, Thoo Ai Chin, Ting Mao Seng Kuala Lumpur University of Science & Technology (KLUST), Selangor, Malaysia Kuala Lumpur University of Science & Technology (KLUST), Selangor, Malaysia Han Chiang University College of Communication, 11600 George Town, Penang, Malaysia Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia Han Chiang University College of Communication, 11600 George Town, Penang, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18063/lne.v3i4.966

Keywords:

organizational justice, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between organizational justice, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in private enterprises, emphasizing their impact on employee performance and organizational success. Drawing on distributive, procedural, and interactional justice, as well as affective, continuance, and normative commitment, the research highlights how these dimensions influence individual and organizational-level OCB. Based on a review of over 80 publications (2018–2023) from databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, findings underscore the critical role of justice and commitment in enhancing organizational effectiveness. Focusing on private enterprises in Guangzhou, the study provides practical insights into fostering OCB through fair practices and committed leadership, contributing to sustainable development. Its originality lies in exploring the nuanced effects of justice and commitment dimensions on OCB, addressing gaps in current literature.

References

Shen, H. (2023). Boosting confidence in the development of private enterprises, Guangzhou's "20 Articles of Private Economy" were heavily released. [online]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1773101552296297114&wfr=spider&for=pc，[Assessed on 8 November 2023].

Guangzhou Municipal People's Government. (2022). In 2022, the city will achieve an added value of 1171.94 billion yuan in private economy. [online] Available at: https://www.gz.gov.cn/ysgz/xwdt/ysdt/content/post_9194060. [Assessed on 17 October 2023]

Gong, Y., & MacLachlan, I. (2021). Housing allocation with Chinese characteristics: The case of talent workers in Shenzhen and Guangzhou. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 62(4), 428-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2020.1819845

Fu, J., & Ng, A. W. (2020). Green finance reform and innovation for sustainable development of the Greater Bay Area: Towards an ecosystem for sustainability. Sustainable Energy and Green Finance for a Low-carbon Economy: Perspectives from the Greater Bay Area of China, 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35411-4_1

Almajed, A., A., Abdelwahed, N., A., A., Elrayah, M., Moustafa, M., A., Afaneh, J., A., A. (2023). Examining the Role of Organizational Behavior and Leadership Styles Towards Employees' Performance in Petrochemical Companies in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(11), 1-30.

Pfeffer, J. (1998). The human equation: Building profits by putting people first. Harvard Business Press.

Eka, R., Rahmat, A., & Handayani, R. (2022). Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior with Leader-Member Exchange as Mediation. Sains Organisasi, 1(3), 199-209. https://doi.org/10.55356/so.v1i3.29

Mengstie, M. M. (2020). Perceived organizational justice and turnover intention among hospital healthcare workers. BMC psychology, 8, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-0387-8

Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In Advances in experimental social psychology. Academic Press, 2, 267-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60108-2.

Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The management of organizational justice. Academy of management perspectives, 21(4), 34-48. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMP.2007.27895338.

Pellegrini-Masini, G., Pirni, A., & Maran, S. (2020). Energy justice revisited: A critical review on the philosophical and political origins of equality. Energy Research & Social Science, 59, 101310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.101310

Ghaderi, Z., Tabatabaei, F., Khoshkam, M., & Shahabi Sorman Abadi, R. (2023). Exploring the role of perceived organizational justice and organizational commitment as predictors of job satisfaction among employees in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 24(3), 415-444. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2021.1988882

Wulani, F., Handoko, T. H., & Purwanto, B. M. (2022). Supervisor-directed OCB and deviant behaviors: the role of LMX and impression management motives. Personnel Review, 51(4),1410-1426. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-06-2020-0406

Neuhoff, E. (2020). Beyond the Good Soldier: A Structural Equation Model Examining the Relationships between Procedural Justice, Leadership, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment on Extra-Role Work Behavior. Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.

DeBoer, R. J., Nguyen, C., Mutoniwase, E., Ho, A., Umutesi, G., Bigirimana, J. B., ... & Shyirambere, C. (2022). Procedural fairness for radiotherapy priority setting in a low resource context. Bioethics, 36(5), 500-510. https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.12939

Zawawi, A., & Putrawan, I. (2019). Linking leadership styles and organizational culture to organizational commitment in the industry of automotive components (The mediating role of procedural justice). International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(6), 48-54.

Knezović, E., & Smajić, H. (2022). Employee Participation in the Decision-Making Process and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Affective Commitment. Organizacija. 55(01): 64-76. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2022-0005

Benuyenah, V. (2021). Theorising an organisational citizenship behaviour model for managerial decision-making: from history to contemporary application. Management Research Review, 44(8), 1182-1198. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-07-2020-0422Bies, R. J., & Organ, D. W. (1989). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome. The Academy of Management Review, 14(2), 294. https://doi.org/10.2307/258426

Al-Douri, Z. (2020). Organizational justice and its impact on job satisfaction: Evidence from transportation industry. Management Science Letters, 10(2), 351-360. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.8.035

Purwanto, A. (2020). The Relationship of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Justice and Organizational Commitment: a Mediation Effect of Job Satisfaction. Journal of Critical Reviews.

Nazir, S., Shafi, A., Atif, M. M., Qun, W., & Abdullah, S. M. (2019). How organization justice and perceived organizational support facilitate employees’ innovative behavior at work. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 41(6): 1288-1311. https://doi.org/10.1108/er-01-2017-0007

Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1

Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M., Mowday, R. T., & Boulian, P. V. (1974). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of applied psychology, 59(5), 603. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037335

Cooper-Hakim, A., & Viswesvaran, C. (2005). The construct of work commitment: Testing an integrative framework. Psychological bulletin, 131(2), 241. https://doi.org/10.25148/etd.fi14061505

Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1984). Testing the “side-bet theory” of organizational commitment: Some methodological considerations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(3), 372–378. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.69.3.372

Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human resource management review, 1(1), 61-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-z

Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of vocational behavior, 14(2), 224-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1

Kanter, R. M. (1968). Commitment and social organization: A study of commitment mechanisms in utopian communities. American sociological review, 499-517. https://doi.org/10.2307/2092438

Mercurio, Z. A. (2015). Affective commitment as a core essence of organizational commitment: An integrative literature review. Human resource development review, 14(4), 389-414. https://10.1177/1534484315603612.

Mihalache, M., & Mihalache, O. R. (2022). How workplace support for the COVID‐19 pandemic and personality traits affect changes in employees' affective commitment to the organization and job‐related well‐being. Human resource management, 61(3), 295-314. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22082

Azmy, A. (2021). Implications of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational culture on organizational citizenship behavior in electrical professional organizations in Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Business Research, 151-168. https://doi.org/10.35313/ijabr.v3i2.152

Rençber, İ., & Koparal, C. (2021). The mediating roles of organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the effect of career satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 16(2), 276-299. https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.875961

Inam, A., Ho, J. A., Sheikh, A. A., Shafqat, M., & Najam, U. (2021). How self leadership enhances normative commitment and work performance by engaging people at work?. Current Psychology, 42, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01697-5

Gupta, S., & Tamhankar, S. (2023). Impact of Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: An Empirical Analysis. Orissa Journal of Commerce, 44(1), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.54063/ojc.2023.v44i01.07.

Oamen, T. E. (2023). The impact of firm-based organizational citizenship behavior on continuance and normative commitment among pharmaceutical executives: An SEM approach. Journal of Economics and Management, 45, 47-67. https://doi.org/10.22367/jem.2023.45.04

Novianti, K. R. (2021). Does organizational commitment matter? Linking transformational leadership with organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 19(2): 335-345. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.02.09

Katz, D. (1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral science, 9(2), 131-146. https://10.1002/bs.3830090206.

Rubiyandono, A. P. (2019). AnalisisEfek Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Komunikasi Organisasi Terhadap Stres Kerja. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis,17(1), 30–44. https://doi.org/10.24167/jab.v17i1.2285

Organ, D. W. (1997). Organizational citizenship behaviour: It’s construct clean-up time. Human Performance, 10, 85–98. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002_2

Organ, D. W. (1988). A restatement of the satisfaction-performance hypothesis. Journal of management, 14(4), 547-557.

Das, L., & Mohanty, S. (2021). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A review and research agenda. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 4801-4813.

Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17, 601-617. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700305

Batilmurik, R., Noermijati, N., Sudiro, A., & Rochman, F. (2020). Individual citizenship pride: Is it the consequences of organisational citizenship behaviour-individual (OCB-I). International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(3), 3429-3434.

Xu, S., Wang, Y. C., & Ma, E. (2022). A workplace-driven model on the formation of OCB-C: perspectives of social exchange theory and agency theory. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(7), 2684-2703. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2021-1409

Irmawati, B., & Bekti Retnawati, B. (2018). Differences in Ocb-I and Ocb-O Based on Gender: A Case of Insurance Agents in Indonesia. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10). https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3436.

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  • [2]Guangzhou Municipal People's Government. (2022). In 2022, the city will achieve an added value of 1171.94 billion yuan in private economy. [online] Available at: https://www.gz.gov.cn/ysgz/xwdt/ysdt/content/post_9194060. [Assessed on 17 October 2023]
    [3]Gong, Y., & MacLachlan, I. (2021). Housing allocation with Chinese characteristics: The case of talent workers in Shenzhen and Guangzhou. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 62(4), 428-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2020.1819845
    [4]Fu, J., & Ng, A. W. (2020). Green finance reform and innovation for sustainable development of the Greater Bay Area: Towards an ecosystem for sustainability. Sustainable Energy and Green Finance for a Low-carbon Economy: Perspectives from the Greater Bay Area of China, 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35411-4_1
    [5]Almajed, A., A., Abdelwahed, N., A., A., Elrayah, M., Moustafa, M., A., Afaneh, J., A., A. (2023). Examining the Role of Organizational Behavior and Leadership Styles Towards Employees' Performance in Petrochemical Companies in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(11), 1-30.
    [6]Pfeffer, J. (1998). The human equation: Building profits by putting people first. Harvard Business Press.
    [7]Eka, R., Rahmat, A., & Handayani, R. (2022). Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior with Leader-Member Exchange as Mediation. Sains Organisasi, 1(3), 199-209. https://doi.org/10.55356/so.v1i3.29
    [8]Mengstie, M. M. (2020). Perceived organizational justice and turnover intention among hospital healthcare workers. BMC psychology, 8, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-020-0387-8
    [9]Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In Advances in experimental social psychology. Academic Press, 2, 267-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60108-2.
    [10]Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The management of organizational justice. Academy of management perspectives, 21(4), 34-48. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMP.2007.27895338.
    [11]Pellegrini-Masini, G., Pirni, A., & Maran, S. (2020). Energy justice revisited: A critical review on the philosophical and political origins of equality. Energy Research & Social Science, 59, 101310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.101310
    [12]Ghaderi, Z., Tabatabaei, F., Khoshkam, M., & Shahabi Sorman Abadi, R. (2023). Exploring the role of perceived organizational justice and organizational commitment as predictors of job satisfaction among employees in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 24(3), 415-444. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2021.1988882
    [13]Wulani, F., Handoko, T. H., & Purwanto, B. M. (2022). Supervisor-directed OCB and deviant behaviors: the role of LMX and impression management motives. Personnel Review, 51(4),1410-1426. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-06-2020-0406
    [14]Neuhoff, E. (2020). Beyond the Good Soldier: A Structural Equation Model Examining the Relationships between Procedural Justice, Leadership, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment on Extra-Role Work Behavior. Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.
    [15]DeBoer, R. J., Nguyen, C., Mutoniwase, E., Ho, A., Umutesi, G., Bigirimana, J. B., ... & Shyirambere, C. (2022). Procedural fairness for radiotherapy priority setting in a low resource context. Bioethics, 36(5), 500-510. https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.12939
    [16]Zawawi, A., & Putrawan, I. (2019). Linking leadership styles and organizational culture to organizational commitment in the industry of automotive components (The mediating role of procedural justice). International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(6), 48-54.
    [17]Knezović, E., & Smajić, H. (2022). Employee Participation in the Decision-Making Process and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Affective Commitment. Organizacija. 55(01): 64-76. https://doi.org/10.2478/orga-2022-0005
    [18]Benuyenah, V. (2021). Theorising an organisational citizenship behaviour model for managerial decision-making: from history to contemporary application. Management Research Review, 44(8), 1182-1198. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-07-2020-0422Bies, R. J., & Organ, D. W. (1989). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome. The Academy of Management Review, 14(2), 294. https://doi.org/10.2307/258426
    [19]Al-Douri, Z. (2020). Organizational justice and its impact on job satisfaction: Evidence from transportation industry. Management Science Letters, 10(2), 351-360. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.8.035
    [20]Purwanto, A. (2020). The Relationship of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Justice and Organizational Commitment: a Mediation Effect of Job Satisfaction. Journal of Critical Reviews.
    [21]Nazir, S., Shafi, A., Atif, M. M., Qun, W., & Abdullah, S. M. (2019). How organization justice and perceived organizational support facilitate employees’ innovative behavior at work. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 41(6): 1288-1311. https://doi.org/10.1108/er-01-2017-0007
    [22]Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1
    [23]Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M., Mowday, R. T., & Boulian, P. V. (1974). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover among psychiatric technicians. Journal of applied psychology, 59(5), 603. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037335
    [24]Cooper-Hakim, A., & Viswesvaran, C. (2005). The construct of work commitment: Testing an integrative framework. Psychological bulletin, 131(2), 241. https://doi.org/10.25148/etd.fi14061505
    [25]Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1984). Testing the “side-bet theory” of organizational commitment: Some methodological considerations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(3), 372–378. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.69.3.372
    [26]Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human resource management review, 1(1), 61-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-z
    [27]Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of vocational behavior, 14(2), 224-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(79)90072-1
    [28]Kanter, R. M. (1968). Commitment and social organization: A study of commitment mechanisms in utopian communities. American sociological review, 499-517. https://doi.org/10.2307/2092438
    [29]Mercurio, Z. A. (2015). Affective commitment as a core essence of organizational commitment: An integrative literature review. Human resource development review, 14(4), 389-414. https://10.1177/1534484315603612.
    [30]Mihalache, M., & Mihalache, O. R. (2022). How workplace support for the COVID‐19 pandemic and personality traits affect changes in employees' affective commitment to the organization and job‐related well‐being. Human resource management, 61(3), 295-314. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22082
    [31]Azmy, A. (2021). Implications of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational culture on organizational citizenship behavior in electrical professional organizations in Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Business Research, 151-168. https://doi.org/10.35313/ijabr.v3i2.152
    [32]Rençber, İ., & Koparal, C. (2021). The mediating roles of organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the effect of career satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 16(2), 276-299. https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.875961
    [33]Inam, A., Ho, J. A., Sheikh, A. A., Shafqat, M., & Najam, U. (2021). How self leadership enhances normative commitment and work performance by engaging people at work?. Current Psychology, 42, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01697-5
    [34]Gupta, S., & Tamhankar, S. (2023). Impact of Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: An Empirical Analysis. Orissa Journal of Commerce, 44(1), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.54063/ojc.2023.v44i01.07.
    [35]Oamen, T. E. (2023). The impact of firm-based organizational citizenship behavior on continuance and normative commitment among pharmaceutical executives: An SEM approach. Journal of Economics and Management, 45, 47-67. https://doi.org/10.22367/jem.2023.45.04
    [36]Novianti, K. R. (2021). Does organizational commitment matter? Linking transformational leadership with organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 19(2): 335-345. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.02.09
    [37]Katz, D. (1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral science, 9(2), 131-146. https://10.1002/bs.3830090206.
    [38]Rubiyandono, A. P. (2019). AnalisisEfek Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Komunikasi Organisasi Terhadap Stres Kerja. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis,17(1), 30–44. https://doi.org/10.24167/jab.v17i1.2285
    [39]Organ, D. W. (1997). Organizational citizenship behaviour: It’s construct clean-up time. Human Performance, 10, 85–98. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002_2
    [40]Organ, D. W. (1988). A restatement of the satisfaction-performance hypothesis. Journal of management, 14(4), 547-557.
    [41]Das, L., & Mohanty, S. (2021). Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A review and research agenda. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 4801-4813.
    [42]Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17, 601-617. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700305
    [43]Batilmurik, R., Noermijati, N., Sudiro, A., & Rochman, F. (2020). Individual citizenship pride: Is it the consequences of organisational citizenship behaviour-individual (OCB-I). International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(3), 3429-3434.
    [44]Xu, S., Wang, Y. C., & Ma, E. (2022). A workplace-driven model on the formation of OCB-C: perspectives of social exchange theory and agency theory. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(7), 2684-2703. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2021-1409
    [45]Irmawati, B., & Bekti Retnawati, B. (2018). Differences in Ocb-I and Ocb-O Based on Gender: A Case of Insurance Agents in Indonesia. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10). https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3436." />

Published

2025-05-26

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Lecture Notes in Education, Arts, Management and Social Science

Section

Articles